Japan — data protection and AI governance
Act on Protection of Personal Information (APPI), in force since 2022-04-01. Supervisory authority: PPC.
Data protection
- Instrument
- Act on Protection of Personal Information (APPI)
- In force since
- 2022-04-01
- Authority
- PPC
- Penalties
- 100M JPY
- Key obligations
- Adéquation UE
- Notification violations
- Pseudonymisation
What the engine decides here
These three attributes are what an agent decision depends on in this jurisdiction. They are modelled, sourced and dated.
- Transfer regime
- Restricted
Moving data out is restricted: it requires a recognised destination, or an explicit mechanism when the destination is not one.
- Recognised destinations
- EUFRDEITESBENLATPTIEFISEDKPLCZROBGHRHUSKSILTLVEECYMTLUGRNOISLIGB
- Localisation mandate
- Not modelled
- Automated decision rights
- Not modelled
- Verified on
- 2026-08-14
Three decisions, computed just now
Same actions, this jurisdiction's context. These answers come out of the engine as the page renders — the same function the API calls.
- ALLOW
Read an internal contract
Low-risk operation
- APPROVE
Send a customer record to US_FED
The transfer requires a mechanism
- DENY
Decide on a job application
Decision reserved for a human
Advisory decisions. StructureClerk decides; your infrastructure enforces.
AI governance
- Framework
- AI Bill 2025
- Status
- enacted
- Date
- 2025-05-01
- Key points
- Principes IA
- AI Strategy Center
Do your agents operate in Japan?
The authority API makes these attributes executable: an ALLOW, APPROVE, DENY or ESCALATE decision before the agent acts, with signed evidence any third party can verify.